Russia’s share of India’s crude imports jumps from ~1.2% in 2021 to ~35–38% in 2023–25

Since 2022, Russia has surged from a marginal supplier to providing about 35–38% of India’s crude imports, making it India’s largest source, while Gulf producers such as Iraq and Saudi Arabia still account for a combined 40–45%. The analysis says a material disruption of Russian crude would be physically manageable for India but would remove deep discounts, forcing refiners toward higher-priced Middle Eastern, West African or U.S. barrels and lifting costs. Those higher costs could squeeze refinery margins and feed through to domestic fuel prices, according to Kpler.