EU Council Endorses Digital Euro Plan with Online and Offline Payments from 2025

On 19 December 2025, the Council of the European Union agreed on a negotiating mandate for the digital euro that requires both online and offline payment options. The framework confirms the European Central Bank as issuer, introduces holding limits and basic free services, and outlines a path toward pilots in 2027 and potential issuance in 2029. The move diverges from earlier European Parliament ideas centered on offline-only use and opens inter‑institutional negotiations on the CBDC’s legal design.